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← The pioneers

Sushruta

Physician and surgical scholar

What they did

The Sushruta Samhita sets out surgical training on models, a described instrument set, procedures including cataract couching and the forehead-flap nose reconstruction, and the management of wounds and fractures.

The text

Charaka Samhita

When

Date disputed; the surviving text is layered and redacted · disputed · disputed
The received text is a compilation of several periods

Where

Unknown or disputed.

Where it maps in modern education

Medicine and surgery (MBBS, MS) — Ayurveda — Kaya-chikitsa, Shalya-tantra, Shalakya-tantra. Internal medicine, surgery with a described instrument set, ophthalmology and ENT, obstetrics, paediatrics, toxicology, geriatrics and rejuvenation.

Evidence: traditionally attributed · no modern scholarly reference recorded yet.